Carpal tunnel syndrome is a condition caused by compression of the median nerve in the wrist, causing numbness, tingling, pain, and weakness in the hand. Repetitive wrist movements, injuries, pregnancy, diabetes, or inflammatory diseases are risk factors.

Symptoms include numbness or tingling, particularly in the thumb, index, and middle fingers, difficulty gripping, and increased pain during movement. The pain is often worse at night or with hand activities. Diagnosis is made through a physical examination and clinical history; EMG or nerve conduction velocity testing may be performed when necessary.

Treatment includes rest, wrist splinting, ice application, painkillers and anti-inflammatory medications, orthopedic rehabilitation, and hand exercises in mild cases. In severe cases or those that do not respond to conservative treatment, surgery may be necessary. Surgery widens the carpal tunnel or releases the median nerve.

Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can control symptoms and improve quality of life. It is important to consult a specialist if hand numbness or tingling is experienced.